IREDA Tax Free Bonds January 2016 : Issue Details & Review

For the last few months, state-run companies like NHAI (National Highways Authority of India), NTPC (National Thermal Power Corp), PFC (Power Finance Corporation), REC (Rural Electrification Corp) and IRFC (Indian Railways Finance Corp) have come up with Tax Free Bond issues. All these issues have been oversubscribed. IREDA Tax Free Bonds is the latest issue which is going to be open for subscription from 8th January, 2016 to 22nd Jan 2016.

Several state-run companies raised Rs 30,000 crore through tax-free bonds in FY12, Rs 25,000 crore in FY13 and Rs 50,000 crore in FY14. These funds are utilized to fund infrastructure projects.

Below are the details of the firms and the maximum allocated amount of funds they can raise by offering new Tax Free Bonds in the current Financial Year (2016);

What are Tax-Free Bonds?

Let us first understand, what is a Bond?

A bond is a Fixed Income security (debt investment) in which an investor loans money to an entity (typically corporate or governmental / PSUs) which borrows the funds for a defined period(tenure)of time at a variable or fixed interest rate (coupon rate).

Those bonds which are exempt from taxation on the ‘interest income’ under the Income Tax Act, 1961 are called Tax-free bonds. These are usually issued by government-backed entities.

IREDA Company Profile

Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA) was incorporated in Mar 1987 as a Public Limited Company under the companies act and was set up by Government of India to promote, develop and extend financial assistance for renewable energy and energy efficiency projects.

For six month period (Apr 2015 to Sep 2015) and the fiscal 2015, 2014 & 2013, company’s profit after tax (PAT)  was Rs 148 crore, Rs 271 cr, Rs 240 cr and Rs 202 cr respectively.

IREDA Tax Free Bonds 2016 – Issue Details

Below are the features and key highlights of IREDA Tax Free Bonds issue;

• Bonds Issue opens on : 8th Jan, 2016.
• Issue closes on : 22nd, Jan, 2016.
• Issue size including over-subscription: Rs 1,716 crore (max). The size of the issue is small when compared to NHAI’s last issue of Rs 10,000 crore.
• Basis of Allotment : For Retail Individual Investor – 40% of the Issue Size (Rs 4,000 cr)
• Face Value : Rs 1,000 per bond.
• What is the minimum application size? : 5 bonds (Rs 5,000) per individual and in the multiple of 1 bond (Rs 1,000) thereafter.
• What is the maximum application size? : The maximum amount that an individual can apply is Rs 10 Lakh (Retail Category).
• IREDA Tax free bonds are proposed to be listed on BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange) 
• Credit Rating : “[ICRA]AA+” [pronounced as ICRA Double A Plus] (Outlook: Stable) by ICRA and “ IND AA+” by IRRPL.. (The bonds with such ratings are considered to have high degree of safety regarding timely servicing of financial obligations and carry very low credit risk.)
• Allotment is done based on ‘first come first serve’ basis.
• Can NRIs apply for IREDA Tax free bonds? – Persons Resident Outside India, Foreign nationals (including Non-resident Indians, Foreign Institutional Investors and Qualified Foreign Investors) and other foreign entities are not eligible to invest in this issue. (NRIs were allowed to invest in PFC, REC & IRFC issues)
• These instruments are classified as Tax free, secured, redeemable and non-convertible bonds in the nature of debentures.
• IREDA Tax-Free Bonds will be issued either in Physical or Demat mode.
• NSDL and CDSL are the depositories to the Issue.

Interest Rates offered on IRDEA Tax Free Bonds 2016

Below are the interest (coupon) rates that are offered for retail investors. Retail Option is for individuals whose application is for Rs 10 lakh or less ; (20 year bonds are not being offered)

• On 10 year duration bonds the Coupon rate is 7.53%.  (NHAI’s latest Dec issue offered coupon rate of 7.39%)
• On 15 year duration bonds the Coupon rate offered is 7.74%.  (NHAI’s latest Dec issue offered coupon rate of 7.60%)
• On 20 year duration bonds the Coupon rate offered is 7.68%.

(Investors who apply for bonds worth above Rs 10 Lakh & also NRIs would get 0.25% less interest rate when compared to the above rates.)

Tax Free Bonds & Tax Implications

• Interest income earned on Tax free bonds is exempted from taxes. Since the interest income on the bonds is exempt, no Tax Deduction at Source (TDS) is required. 
• Although, the interest received on TFBs is exempted, the investor would still be required to disclose it in his/her Income Tax Return as an ‘exempted income’. 
• Tax free bonds are not eligible for deduction under section 80c.
• Are Capital Gains taxes applicable on Tax free bonds? – Though the interest earned on these bonds is tax-free, any capital gain from sale in the secondary market is taxable. If you sell your Bond for a price that is more than the cost then you would have to consider this as a capital gain. Short-term capital gains from sale of tax-free bonds on exchanges are taxed at your income tax slab rate, while long-term capital gains are taxed at 10% without indexation.
• The indexation benefit is not available for Bonds/NCDs (Non Convertible Debentures). (For STCG holding period is less than 12 months. For LTCG holding period should be more than 12 months.)

My opinion on IREDA Tax Free Bonds Jan 2016 public issue

• It is advisable to follow the principle –Think beyond taxes when investing. Do not invest in Tax-Free bonds just because the interest income is tax free. Your investment should match your financial goals requirements.
• If you have time on your side (young or have long-term goals), equity oriented investment avenues (shares, mutual funds etc.,) are the best bets to realize your financial goals.
• If you are in 10% or 20% income slab rate, it may be prudent to ignore TFBs. The interest earned on bank FDs and other types of bonds are not exempted from income tax. It is added to your income and is taxed as per the income-tax slabs. As interest earned from tax-free bonds is not taxed, investors in higher tax brackets mostly earn a better post-tax return than from FDs. But remember, the bank FDs score over tax-free bonds in terms of liquidity as these bonds have longer maturity tenure.
• I believe that ‘lack of liquidity’ is the biggest disadvantage of Tax-Free Bonds. The debt mutual funds can generate higher returns when compared to Tax free bonds and you may redeem them anytime. So, the trade off is between higher returns by MFs and the post-tax benefits of tax-free bonds. (You may like reading – ‘Best Debt Funds to invest in India for 2016‘)
• Invest in this issue only if your income tax slab rate is at 30% and you want a steady source of income periodically over a long-term. Also, consider investing only a small portion of your savings towards these bonds.

Do you think one should invest in Tax free bonds? Kindly share your views and comments on IREDA Tax Free Bonds 2016 issue.